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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tizza</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трудноизвлекаемые запасы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hard-to-recover reserves</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>Высшая школа нефти</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tizza-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Учет вязкостной нестабильности при гидродинамическом моделировании вытеснения высоковязкой нефти</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Accounting for viscous instability in reservoir simulation of heavy oil displacement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулиев</surname><given-names>Р. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guliev</surname><given-names>R. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">guliev@agni-rt.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пичугин</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pichugin</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">o.pichugin@agni-rt.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионов</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionov</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rodionovsp@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Альметьевский государственный технологический университет «Высшая школа нефти»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almetyevsk State Technological University «Petroleum higher school»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский филиал ИТПМ им. С.А. Христиановича СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Branch of the S.A. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гулиев Р.З., Пичугин О.Н., Родионов С.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гулиев Р.З., Пичугин О.Н., Родионов С.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guliev R.Z., Pichugin O.N., Rodionov S.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://xn--g1abxh.xn----8sbeg1c7ah8a.xn--p1ai/jour/article/view/28">https://xn--g1abxh.xn----8sbeg1c7ah8a.xn--p1ai/jour/article/view/28</self-uri><abstract><p>Предметом исследования является вязкостная нестабильность (вязкие пальцы) фронта вытеснения, возникающая при неблагоприятном соотношении подвижностей в процессе заводнения залежей высоковязкой нефти, и способы ее учета пригидродинамическом моделировании. Цель работы: количественная оценка воспроизведения вязкостной нестабильности на расчетных сетках различного разрешения, выявление ограничений численных постановок и обоснование концепции крупносеточного учета эффекта через калиброванные псевдо-параметры вытеснения. В качестве эталонного инструмента использован симулятор с открытым исходным кодом porousMultiphaseFoam (PMF), построенный на платформе OpenFOAM; для сопоставления привлечен промышленный (коммерческий) гидродинамический симулятор. Выполнены две серии численных экспериментов: прямое сопоставление двух симуляторов на идентичной задаче высоковязкого вытеснения и исследование влияния шага расчетной сетки в PMF при неизменной физической постановке. Сопоставление проводилось по полям водонасыщенности и интегральным технологическим показателям разработки – динамике добычи нефти и воды, обводненности продукции и коэффициенту извлечения нефти. Установлено, что континуальная двухфазная постановка в однородной среде без явного источника возмущений не инициирует пальцеобразование, а штатная численная диффузия конечно-объемных схем подавляет вязкие пальцы; при достаточном измельчении расчетной сетки нестабильность проявляется и существенно снижает прогнозный коэффициент извлечения нефти. Полученные результаты обосновывают необходимость построения псевдо-параметров вытеснения для полномасштабных моделей. Результаты применимы при проектировании систем заводнения и методов увеличения нефтеотдачи на объектах с высоковязкой нефтью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the study is viscous instability (viscous fingering) of the displacement front that arises under an unfavorable mobility ratio during waterflooding of heavy oil reservoirs, and the ways to account for it in reservoir simulation. The aim of the work is a quantitative assessment of the reproduction of viscous instability on computational grids of different resolution, identification of the limitations of numerical formulations, and substantiation of the concept of coarse-grid accounting through calibrated pseudo-displacement parameters. The open-source simulator porousMultiphaseFoam (PMF), built on the OpenFOAM platform, was used as the reference tool; an industrial (commercial) reservoir simulator was used for comparison. Two series of numerical experiments were performed: a direct comparison of the two simulators on an identical heavy-oil displacement problem, and a study of the influence of the grid block size in PMF under an unchanged physical formulation. The comparison was carried out by water-saturation fields and integral production indicators – oil and water production dynamics, water cut, and the oil recovery factor. It was found that a continuum two-phase formulation in a homogeneous medium without an explicit source of perturbations does not initiate fingering, while the inherent numerical diffusion of finite-volume schemes suppresses viscous fingers; with sufficient grid refinement the instability appears and substantially reduces the predicted oil recovery factor. The results justify the need to construct pseudo-displacement parameters for full-field models. The results are applicable in the design of waterflooding systems and enhanced oil recovery methods at heavy-oil fields.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вязкостная нестабильность вязкие пальцы</kwd><kwd>неустойчивость Саффмана-Тейлора</kwd><kwd>высоковязкая нефть</kwd><kwd>гидродинамическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>расчетная сетка</kwd><kwd>псевдо-параметры вытеснения</kwd><kwd>численная диффузия</kwd><kwd>коэффициент извлечения нефти.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>viscous instability</kwd><kwd>viscous fingering</kwd><kwd>Saffman-Taylor instability</kwd><kwd>heavy oil</kwd><kwd>reservoir simulation</kwd><kwd>computational grid</kwd><kwd>pseudo-displacement parameters</kwd><kwd>numerical diffusion</kwd><kwd>oil recovery factor.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев В.А., Мулявин С.Ф., Бяков А.В., Ведменский А.М., Стешенко И.Г., Баженова О.А. 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